An ultrasonic method to measure stress without calibration: The angled shear wave identity.
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Date
2020-12-03Author
Li, Guo-Yang
Gower, Artur L.
Destrade, Michel
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Li, Guo-Yang, Gower, Artur L., & Destrade, Michel. (2020). An ultrasonic method to measure stress without calibration: The angled shear wave method. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 148(6), 3963-3970. doi: 10.1121/10.0002959
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Abstract
Measuring stress levels in loaded structures is crucial to assess and monitor structure health and to predict the length
of remaining structural life. Many ultrasonic methods are able to accurately predict in-plane stresses inside a
controlled laboratory environment but struggle to be robust outside, in a real-world setting. That is because these
methods rely either on knowing beforehand the material constants (which are difficult to acquire) or require significant
calibration for each specimen. This paper presents an ultrasonic method to evaluate the in-plane stress in situ directly,
without knowing any material constants. The method is simple in principle, as it only requires measuring the speed of
two angled shear waves. It is based on a formula that is exact for incompressible solids, such as soft gels or tissues, and
is approximately true for compressible ¿hard¿ solids, such as steel and other metals. The formula is validated by finite
element simulations, showing that it displays excellent accuracy, with a small error on the order of 1%