This paper looks at different types of fortification used across north-west Europe between the twelfth and early seventeenth centuries. These incude castles, town walls, artillery fortifications, linear fortifications, ...

Rindoon Castle controlled and dominated one of the best harbours along the Shannon. It was argued that a pre-Norman promontory fort never existed at Rindoon. Instead, it is suggested that these earthworks represent the ...

This paper examines the evolution of fortification in Connacht during the 11th and 12th centuries, prior to the arrival of theAnglo-Normans to Ireland in 1169. Our main argument is that Irish fortresses of the period, while ...

This paper discusses the character of the lands of householders who served the courts of Gaelic lords in later medieval Ireland and how their association with those lands, which were mostly of early medieval royal origin, ...

During the later medieval period in Ireland, Gaelic lords continued to publicly identify themselves as immediate descendants of kings through carefully chosen elements of material culture. Evocations of Gaelic kingship in ...

[No abstract available]

[No abstract available]

The burial place of the exiled Irish at San Pietro in Montorio, Rome (Pl. 1), is perhaps the most iconic Irish diaspora funerary site in Europe, not least because the community interred there (1608–23) are found in ...

[No abstract available]

[No abstract available]