Macrophages facilitate electrical conduction in the heart
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2017-04-01Author
Hulsmans, Maarten
Clauss, Sebastian
Xiao, Ling
Aguirre, Aaron D.
King, Kevin R.
Hanley, Alan
Hucker, William J.
Wülfers, Eike M.
Seemann, Gunnar
Courties, Gabriel
Iwamoto, Yoshiko
Sun, Yuan
Savol, Andrej J.
Sager, Hendrik B.
Lavine, Kory J.
Fishbein, Gregory A.
Capen, Diane E.
Da Silva, Nicolas
Miquerol, Lucile
Wakimoto, Hiroko
Seidman, Christine E.
Seidman, Jonathan G.
Sadreyev, Ruslan I.
Naxerova, Kamila
Mitchell, Richard N.
Brown, Dennis
Libby, Peter
Weissleder, Ralph
Swirski, Filip K.
Kohl, Peter
Vinegoni, Claudio
Milan, David J.
Ellinor, Patrick T.
Nahrendorf, Matthias
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Hulsmans, Maarten; Clauss, Sebastian; Xiao, Ling; Aguirre, Aaron D. King, Kevin R.; Hanley, Alan; Hucker, William J.; Wülfers, Eike M.; Seemann, Gunnar; Courties, Gabriel; Iwamoto, Yoshiko; Sun, Yuan; Savol, Andrej J.; Sager, Hendrik B.; Lavine, Kory J.; Fishbein, Gregory A.; Capen, Diane E.; Da Silva, Nicolas; Miquerol, Lucile; Wakimoto, Hiroko; Seidman, Christine E.; Seidman, Jonathan G.; Sadreyev, Ruslan I.; Naxerova, Kamila; Mitchell, Richard N.; Brown, Dennis; Libby, Peter; Weissleder, Ralph; Swirski, Filip K.; Kohl, Peter; Vinegoni, Claudio; Milan, David J.; Ellinor, Patrick T.; Nahrendorf, Matthias (2017). Macrophages facilitate electrical conduction in the heart. Cell 169 (3),
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Abstract
Organ-specific functions of tissue-resident macrophages in the steady-state heart are unknown. Here, we show that cardiac macrophages facilitate electrical conduction through the distal atrioventricular node, where conducting cells densely intersperse with elongated macrophages expressing connexin 43. When coupled to spontaneously beating cardiomyocytes via connexin-43-containing gap junctions, cardiac macrophages have a negative resting membrane potential and depolarize in synchrony with cardiomyocytes. Conversely, macrophages render the resting membrane potential of cardiomyocytes more positive and, according to computational modeling, accelerate their repolarization. Photostimulation of channelrhodopsin-2-expressing macrophages improves atrioventricular conduction, whereas conditional deletion of connexin 43 in macrophages and congenital lack of macrophages delay atrioventricular conduction. In the Cd11b(DTR) mouse, macrophage ablation induces progressive atrioventricular block. These observations implicate macrophages in normal and aberrant cardiac conduction.