Browsing by Subject "Biochemistry"
Now showing items 1-20 of 88
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ATR mediated regulation of the abscission checkpoint
(NUI Galway, 2018-05-30)Unperturbed mitotic cell division is essential for survival. For cells to complete mitosis, genetic material must be distributed equally between the new cells before the final abscission. Failure to complete chromosome ... -
ATR prevents cells entering mitosis with excess unreplicated DNA and is required for the Abscission Checkpoint
(2014-08-15)Maintaining genome integrity is an essential requirement for cells and a tightly regulated DNA damage response (DDR) is required to maintain viability of the cell and prevent disease. ATM and ATR are key regulators in ... -
An atypical and functionally diverse family of Kunitz-type cysteine/serine proteinase inhibitors secreted by the helminth parasite Fasciola hepatica.
(Nature Research, 2020-11-26)Fasciola hepatica is a global parasite of humans and their livestock. Regulation of parasite-secreted cathepsin L-like cysteine proteases associated with virulence is important to fine-tune parasite-host interaction. We ... -
Biochemical and cellular characterisation of the Plasmodium falciparum M1 alanyl aminopeptidase (Pf M1AAP) and M17 leucyl aminopeptidase (Pf M17LAP)
(Nature Research, 2021-02-03)The Plasmodium falciparum M1 alanyl aminopeptidase and M17 leucyl aminopeptidase, PfM1AAP and PfM17LAP, are potential targets for novel anti-malarial drug development. Inhibitors of these aminopeptidases have been shown ... -
CDC7 kinase promotes replication DNA double-strand breaks upon replication fork stalling and its inhibition causes an inflammatory response and senescence
(NUI Galway, 2022-12-08)CDC7 is an essential serine-threonine kinase that has an important role in the initiation of DNA replication. CDC7 phosphorylates several sites of the MCM helicase complex allowing recruitment of CDC45, among other factors, ... -
Cell cycle regulation of centromere assembly in Drosophila male meiosis
(NUI Galway, 2018-03-16)Centromeres are chromosomal sites required for faithful chromosome segregation. CENP-A is the histone H3 variant that demarcates centromeres from bulk chromatin. Errors in centromere assembly result in segregation defects ... -
Cell fate commitment during nervous system establishment: from stem cells to neurons
(NUI Galway, 2020-07-06)Members of the early-branching metazoan phylum of Cnidaria are well-recognized as a sister group to bilaterians making them an ideal candidate to study the evolution of the eumetazoan nervous system. I began to unravel the ... -
A cell-based study exploring novel therapeutic approaches to target cell stress and cell death pathways in paediatric cancers
(NUI Galway, 2020-08-17)Paediatric cancer is the leading cause of death by disease in children. High mortality rates and long-term effects of conventional treatments suggest an urgent need for basic and translational research to allow treatment ... -
Cellular response to stress: role of autophagy and cell death in caspase-9 deficient cells
(2017-10-31)Chronic or unresolved stress can lead to cell death, and induction of apoptosis is crucial when the cellular adaptive mechanisms are not able to resolve persistent stress. Malfunction of the apoptotic process caused by ... -
Cellular responses to endoplasmic reticulum stress: Role of autophagy and cell death
(2014-12-03)This PhD thesis describes cellular responses to the induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, focusing on the role of autophagy and cell death. Pro-survival role of unfolded protein response (UPR) is analysed by ... -
Centrobin functions in centriole duplication, primary ciliogenesis and genome maintenance
(2018-03-06)The centrosome is composed of numerous proteins that make up its core structure. Other proteins also transiently localise and interact with centrosomal proteins for functional modulation. Centrobin, one of the core centrosomal ... -
Centromere function in asymmetrically dividing Drosophila germline stem cells
(NUI Galway, 2023-03-28)Germline stem cells (GSCs) undergo asymmetric cell division (ACD) to give rise to one stem cell residing in the niche and one differentiating daughter cell. The daughter cell subsequently divides through mitosis and meiosis ... -
Centrosome cohesion: functions of C-NAP1
(2016-01-07)Double stranded DNA encodes the genetic material of the cell. Replication and segregation cycles are regulated in order to maintain the integrity of the DNA sequence from one cell cycle to the next. Detection of lesions ... -
Characterisation of core histone sequences and nuclear mobility using a reproducible research approach
(2017-09-19)Chromatin is a dynamic complex that controls access to genetic information by undergoing structural reconfigurations. Understanding this dynamic can provide insights into the biological implications of chromatin ... -
Characterisation of histone variants in the cnidarian Hydractinia
(NUI Galway, 2019-02-21)Hydractinia is a marine hydrozoan cnidarian that has been a model organism for developmental biology for over a century. Very few studies have been carried out on chromatin biology in cnidarians. To date, there is no ... -
Characterisation of human nucleolar organisers located in previously uncharted regions of the human genome
(NUI Galway, 2019-01-18)The nucleolus is a large, sub-nuclear domain and the site of ribosome biogenesis. Nucleoli form around chromosomal loci called ‘nucleolar organiser regions (NORs) located on the short arms of the human acrocentric ... -
Characterisation of novel Histone H3 RAD9 mutants defective in the DNA damage response in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
(2013-02-28)The DNA damage response (DDR) is a signal transduction cascade, which regulates cell cycle progression, gene transcription and DNA repair. Histones also play a vital role in the activation of the DDR and have been shown ... -
Characterisation of three zinc finger proteins ZC3H8, ZC3H11A and ZC3H14, identified as new partners of ATM, the central regulator of biological response to DNA double strand breaks
(NUI Galway, 2019-12-16)The integrity of our genome is very important therefore, our cells have developed efficient DNA repair mechanisms to control this integrity and avoid mutations. Although the DNA double strand break response pathway is ... -
Characterization of a novel cell death-inducing protein complex assembled in response to stress
(NUI Galway, 2021-01-26)Pro-caspase-8 is the apical caspase in the extrinsic apoptosis which is initiated by the external stimulation of certain death receptors. Pro-caspase-8 is synthesised as an inactive zymogen, which must be cleaved to reach ... -
Characterization of PIWI+ stem cells in Hydractinia
(2018-02-23)Hydractinia is a colonial marine invertebrate and a member of the phylum Cnidaria. It represents a very powerful tool for studying basic developmental biology and differentiation due to the presence of a population of stem ...