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Mechanisms of osteocyte stimulation in osteoporosis
(Elsevier, 2016-05-10)
Experimental studies have shown that primary osteoporosis' caused by oestrogen deficiency results in localised alterations in bone tissue properties and mineral composition. Additionally, changes to the lacunar-canalicular ...
Osteocyte differentiation is regulated by extracellular matrix stiffness and intercellular separation
(Elsevier, 2013-07-18)
Osteocytes are terminally differentiated bone cells, derived from
osteoblasts, which are vital for regulation of bone formation and resorption. ECM stiffness and cell seeding
density have been shown to regulate osteoblast ...
A three-scale finite element investigation into the effects of tissue mineralisation and lamellar organisation in human cortical and trabecular bone
(Elsevier, 2012-03-20)
Bone is an exceptional material that is lightweight for efficient movement but also exhibits excellent strength and stiffness imparted by a composite material of organic proteins and mineral crystals that are intricately ...
Fluid flow in the osteocyte mechanical environment: a fluid-structure interaction approach
(Springer Verlag, 2013-04-09)
Osteocytes are believed to be the primary sensor of mechanical stimuli in bone, which orchestrate osteoblasts and osteoclasts to adapt bone structure and composition to meet physiological loading demands. Experimental ...
Strain amplification in bone mechanobiology: a computational investigation of the in vivo mechanics of osteocytes
(The Royal Society Publishing, 2012-06-06)
The osteocyte is believed to act as the main sensor of mechanical stimulus in bone, controlling signalling for bone growth and resorption in response to changes in the mechanical demands placed on our bones throughout life. ...
Osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells is regulated by osteocyte and osteoblast cells in a simplified bone niche
(AO Research Institute Davos, 2012)
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) within their native environment of the stem cell niche in bone receive biochemical stimuli from surrounding cells. These stimuli likely influence how MSCs differentiate to become bone precursors. ...
Investigation of the optimal timing for chondrogenic priming of MSCs to enhance osteogenic differentiation in vitro as a bone tissue engineering strategy
(Wiley, 2013-08-07)
Recent in vitro tissue engineering approaches have shown that
chondrogenic priming of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)
can have a positive effect on osteogenesis in vivo. However, whether
chondrogenic ...
Altered mechanical environment of bone cells in an animal model of short- and long-term osteoporosis
(Biophysical Society, 2015-04-07)
Alterations in bone tissue composition during osteoporosis likely disrupt the mechanical environment of bone cells and may thereby initiate a mechanobiological response. It has proved challenging to characterize the ...
Primary cilia exist in a small fraction of cells in trabecular bone and marrow
(Springer, 2014-11-15)
Primary cilia are potent mechanical and chemical sensory organelles in cells of bone lineage in tissue culture. Cell culture experiments suggest that primary cilia sense fluid flow and this stimulus is translated through ...
The role of integrin αVβ3 in osteocyte mechanotransduction
(Elsevier, 2014-11-10)
Recent in vivo studies have proposed that integrin alpha(v)beta(3) attachments between osteocyte cell processes and the extracellular matrix may facilitate mechanosensation in bone. However the role of these attachments ...